Electronic Health Record Architecture: A Systematic Review

Numerous advantages are derived from the electronic health record (EHR).Though achieving such advantages depends on its architecture, at present no unique understanding of the architecture dimensions and specifications is available. Therefore, the aim of the present study is a systematic review of architecture perception of the electronic health record. The authors searched the literature in Science Direct, Scopus, PubMed and Proudest Databases (2000 to Jun 2015).  Data extraction was done by 2 reviewers on content, structure, content/structure relationship, confidentiality and security of the EHR. Subsequent to refining the 87 retrieved studies, 25 studies were finally included in the study. In the studies and paradigms so far proposed for the EHR, a unique comprehensive architecture model from the viewpoint of research criteria has not been investigated and it has been considered only from some dimensions. Hence, we provide a new definition of the EHR architecture

Assessing the performance of the radiology information systems in use in the teaching hospitals of Isfahan city based on the Great Britain’s royal college of radiologists’ guidelines

Background: Radiology Information System (RIS) coordinates the organizational processes and administrative based on information. The present study was an attempt towards a performance assessment of the RISs used in general Isfahan hospitals.  Methods: This study was descriptive cross-sectional in nature. Its statistical population consisted of the general teaching hospitals of Isfahan city (Iran). Due to the limitedness of the population of study, the sample size was the same as the population size. The data were collected using a self-designed checklist produced based on the royal college of radiologists’ guidelines, i.e. input components (13 items), process components (10 items) and output components (8 items). The researcher collected the data through observation and interview. The validity of the checklist was assessed by the health information system field’s valid authorities. Finally, the gathered data were put into SPSS 16 software and analyzed using descriptive statistics.  Results: Among the RIS in the hospitals, Kashani, Isa Ibn Maryam and Nour & Ali Asghar had the highest rank for input components (mean score = 30.79%). As for process components, Al-zahra, Kashani and Isa Ibn Maryam gained the highest position (mean score = 38.9%). Finally, Al-zahra and Kashani hospitals with a mean score of 66.66% enjoyed the highest rank for output components.  Conclusion: RIS must be capable of satisfying a number of requirements including satisfying the medical needs of the patients, producing the reports, image and report processing, patients’ appointment scheduling, the procedures for receiving and administrating the orders and other radiology procedures.

An assessment and comparison of information quality of hospital information systems in medical-teaching hospitals of the city of Isfahan based on delone and McLean's modified model

Background: Taking the positive effects of the hospital information systems on patients' treatment process and organization's function into account, it is necessary to evaluate information quality provided by such systems. Hence, the aim of this study was to assess and compare information quality of hospital information systems in medical- teaching hospitals of Isfahan based on the DeLone and McLean's modified Model. Methodology: This research was applied and analytical-descriptive in nature and was performed in medical-teaching hospitals of Isfahan in 2010. Research population consisted of hospital information system's users, system developers and IT authorities selected by random sampling method. Data collection instrument was self-designed questionnaire. Questionnaires' reliability was estimated by using Cronbach's Alpha coefficient that was found to be 94.08 and 96.8 for system users' questionnaire and system developers and IT authorities' questionnaire, respectively. Results: According to the findings of the study, the difference between the mean scores gained for information quality of all kinds of HISs and different hospitals were statistically significant, i.e. they were not the same (p<0.05). Generally, Kowsar system (new version) and Rahavard Rayaneh system gained the highest and lowest mean score, respectively. The total mean scores obtained for observing the standards stipulated for information quality was 60.2 for all hospital information systems and 60.8 for different hospitals, respectively. Conclusion: According to the results of the research, it can be inferred that based on the applied model, the levelof observing the criteria of hospital information system was rather optimum. Thus, in order to reach a completely optimum condition, it is necessary to pay particular attention to the factors improving information quality, type of activity, type of specialty and property type

A survey on the users' satisfaction with the hospital information systems (HISs) based on DeLone and McLean's model in the medical-teaching hospitals in Isfahan city

Background and purpose: The user's satisfaction with information system in fact denotes the extent the user is satisfied with the system's achievement in fulfilling his/her information requirements. This study tries to explore the users' satisfaction with hospital information systems (HISs) based on DeLone and McLean's model focusing on the medical-teaching hospitals of Isfahan city. Methodology: This study which was applied and descriptive-analytical in nature was carried out in the medical-teaching hospitals of Isfahan city in 2009. Research population consisted of the system users from which a sample was selected using random sampling method. The size of the sample was 228. Data collection instrument was a self-developed questionnaire produced based on the satisfaction criterion in the DeLone and McLean's model. Its content validity was assessed based on the opinions given by the computer sciences professionals with its estimated Cronbach's alpha found to be 92.2. The data were analyzed using SPSS software. Findings: As the findings of the study showed, the differences among the mean scores obtained for the satisfaction with different kinds of HISs in use in the hospitals were statistically significant (p value≤0.05). Generally, Kowsar System (old version) and Pouya Samaneh Diva system gained the highest and lowest mean scores for the criterion in question, respectively. The overall mean score for the satisfaction was 54.6 for different types of systems and 55.6 among the hospitals. Conclusion: Given the findings of the study, it can be argued that based on the used model, the level of users' satisfaction with the systems in question was relatively good. However, to achieve the total optimum condition, when designing the system, the factors affecting the enhancement of the users' satisfaction and the type of hospital activity and specialty must be given special consideration. © AVICENA 2014

Analysis of the quality of hospital information systems in Hospital Information Systems in Private Hospital of Isfahan Based on the DeLone and McLean Model

زمینه و هدف: یکی از مهم ترین معیارهای موفقیت یک سیستم اطلاعاتی، کیفیت سیستم است که به ویژگی های مطلوب خود سیستم اطلاعاتی اشاره دارد. هدف این پژوهش بررسی تحلیلی و مقایسه‌ کیفیت سیستم های اطلاعات بیمارستانی بر اساس مدل دلن و مک لین در بیمارستان های خصوصی شهر اصفهان بود. روش بررسی: این مطالعه توصیفی- تحلیلی در بیمارستان های خصوصی شهر اصفهان در سال 90 انجام شد. جامعه پژوهش شامل کاربران، طراحان سیستم و مسئولین فناوری اطلاعات بیمارستان بودند که با استفاده از روش نمونه گیری تصادفی82 نفر از گروه کاربران و با استفاده از روش سرشماری 19 نفر از طراحان و مسئولین فناوری اطلاعات بیمارستان انتخاب شدند. ابزار جمع آوری داده ها دو پرسشنامه محقق ساخته بر اساس معیار کیفیت سیستم، منطبق برمدل دلن و مک لین بود. یافته ها: یافته ها نشان داد که میانگین نمره کیفیت سیستم در انواع سیستم های اطلاعات بیمارستانی و در بین بیمارستان های مختلف تفاوت معنادار داشته است (

Investigating Sleep Quality and Its Relationship with Mental Health in Patients with β-Thalassemia Major

Background and Objective: Beta-thalassemia major is an important health problem in Iran. A high rate of psychiatric disorders has been reported in patients with thalassemia in different surveys and may be one of the reasons that cause problems in the quality of their sleep. Although sleep quality is important for the health and quality of life (QOL) of these patients, a limited study in Iran on sleep quality and its relation to the mental health status of these patients has been conducted so far. Materials and Methods: A total of 101 patients with thalassemia were assessed. Data were collected via a demograph-ic information checklist, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and the 28-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28). Results: Participants in this study had an average age of 25.90 ± 5.63 years and 71 (70.30%) of them were women. Seventy-seven patients (76.2%) suffered from poor sleep quality while the mean and standard deviation (SD) of the patients' total general health score (31.66 ± 11.35) was good at the general health level. Among the demographic fac-tors, there was a significant relationship between job and sleep quality. Sleep quality, subjective sleep quality, sleep delay, sleep duration, sleep disorders, use of sleeping pills, and daily functional disorders had a positive and significant relationship with general health. Conclusion: Thalassemia reduces the quality of sleep. There is a positive and significant association between sleep quality and general health, meaning that by improving sleep quality, patients have a greater chance of improving their general health

Design and Validation of Brain-based Aesthetic Curriculum

The aim of the present study was to design and validate brain-oriented aesthetic curricula. The present study has analyzed qualitative content analysis method, deductive categorization system, and new and innovative international researches in relation to brain-based aesthetics. The field of research includes all printed and electronic sources. By sequential purposeful sampling method and through fish taking tools, information is collected and analyzed in three stages of open, axial and selective coding, and then the categories of the presentation model. In order to validate and evaluate the fit of the model, it has been provided to a number of specialists in planning, curriculum, neuroscience and educational sciences, and their corrective opinions have been applied in the final model after obtaining the Kappa Cohen agreement coefficient. The results showed that the categories with higher priority and high factor load in these elements were as follows: The target element includes: visualization in learning and strengthening the brain in all activities. Content element includes: description of the function of the cognitive skills of the brain, flexibility of the brain. The element of teaching-learning strategies includes: raising the level of motivation, providing opportunities for thinking. The environment element includes: happy environment, active learning environment, aesthetic environment. The element of evaluation includes: paying attention to individual differences, using continuous and practical techniques. Therefore, according to the agreement coefficient of experts, it can be said that the proposed model for designing curricula can be appropriate in some courses and at certain ages

Identifying the Relationship between Different Factors Affecting 13 to 18-Year-Old Students Mental Health in Different Regions of Iran Using Random Forest Technique

Introduction: Considering the students’ importance in the construction and development of society, analyzing data on students' mental health is essential. However, the growing volume of data requires analysis and management, and at a higher level, the discovery of knowledge, and the use of techniques such as data mining in the health field becomes more apparent.Methods: The research conducted in 1399 is based on the data cleansing of the Caspian 5 questionnaire conducted in Iran from 1393 to 1394. Using purposive sampling, the authors extracted 23 characteristics affecting the mental health of students aged 13 to 18 years in 4 regions: North, South, West, and East Central.  A set of characteristics affecting mental health were extracted for the provined included in each region.Results: In the southern regions, the consumption of sweets and in the northern regions, the consumption of sausages, hot dogs, pizzas, and hamburgers had the greatest impact on students’ mental health. In the western regions, tea, and coffee, and in the central regions, the average sleep per week had the greatest impact on mental health.Conclusion: it can be concluded that nutrition is the most important factor affecting mental health although the results showed that in some parts of the country, physical activity and sleep quality can also affect mental health, so direct impact of these parameters should not be ignored

Policymaking for Applying the Approach of Bring Your Own Device in COVID-19 Pandemic: A Perspective

By beginning of the year 2020, COVID-19 has spread all over the world. The virus has caused numerous social, medical, and political challenges. One of the major challenges faced by countries to control the outbreak of the virus was the stability of economic and social activities and the simultaneous fulfilling of work during quarantine. Under such circumstances, telework is employed as one of the important policies control the virus. Moreover, many employees have tendency for remote working or teleworking. In such a situation, the importance of applying the Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) approach to fulfill job duties seems obvious. To enjoy the benefits of BYOD, organizations need the right policy for applying BYOD. This perspective endeavors to shed light on how to apply BYOD policy. From the researchers’ point of view, the important facets that could be addressed when applying BYOD can be described like this: policy is appropriate decision-making and implementation, technical infrastructure, continuous communication, staff training, security and privacy protocols, and agreement between staff and organization as well as the use of cloud computing

Future of Health Information Technology Positions and Professional Qualifications of Employees

Introduction: The optimal use of information technology in health sector requires due attention to human resources training. The purpose of this study was to determine the future of health information technology positions and professional qualifications of the employees to achieve them. Methods: This qualitative-quantitative study was conducted in 2016. A nonsystematic review of the articles published over the last 10 years was performed in well-known databases and websites using relevant keywords. Positions were extracted and then discussed using the Delphi technique in a panel of experts of 25 members including board members and faculty members of medical universities across the country. Agreedupon positions were confirmed and job descriptions and professional qualifications were identified and compiled. An applied cross-sectional study was conducted on all health information management employees (38 people) of hospitals affiliated with Kashan University of Medical Sciences to determine the existing gap. A researcher-made questionnaire was developed based on the professional qualifications obtained for the expert panel and distributed after being checked for validity. Reliability was approved with Cronbach's alpha (0.91). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics in terms of frequency and percentage. Results: The future health information technology positions were found to be health information management, insurance and accounting, information technology, computer applications, and data management. Professional qualifications of statistics and epidemiology, disease classification, information storage and retrieval, health data management, legal considerations and information security, information technology, and software engineering concepts were determined. The most effective qualification was knowledge of storage and retrieval methods. Employees’ skills in statistics and epidemiology were at an average level. Conclusion: New positions are constantly being introduced into the field of health information technology. Continuous curriculum revisions and additional courses for insurance and accounting, data storage and retrieval, statistics and epidemiology are essential